Medical tests are an essential part of preventive healthcare. They help identify health issues early on and allow for early interventions that can prevent or manage diseases. Here are five medical tests that are essential for both men and women:
Blood pressure measurement: High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a common health issue that affects both men and women. It can lead to serious health problems such as heart attack, stroke, and kidney disease. Getting your blood pressure checked regularly can help identify any issues and manage them effectively. Blood pressure should be checked at least once every two years for adults who have a blood pressure reading below 120/80 mm Hg and more often for those with higher readings.
Cholesterol screening: High levels of cholesterol in the blood can also increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. A cholesterol screening test can help detect high levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. Men and women should start getting their cholesterol levels checked at the age of 20 and repeat the test every five years if the levels are normal. If the levels are abnormal, more frequent testing may be needed.
Blood glucose test: This test measures the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood and can help detect diabetes or prediabetes. Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood sugar. Early detection and management of diabetes can help prevent complications such as nerve damage, blindness, and kidney disease. Men and women should get their blood glucose levels checked every three years starting at age 45. If they have risk factors such as being overweight or having a family history of diabetes, they should get tested earlier and more frequently.
Colón cancer screening: Colon cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Regular colon cancer screening tests such as a colonoscopy or fecal occult blood test can help detect colon cancer early when it is most treatable. Men and women should start getting screened for colon cancer at age 50. Those with a family history of colon cancer or other risk factors may need to start screening earlier.
Vitamin D testing: Vitamin D is essential for strong bones and teeth. Low levels of vitamin D can increase the risk of osteoporosis, heart disease, and some cancers. Testing for vitamin D levels can help identify any deficiencies and ensure appropriate supplementation if necessary. Men and women should get their vitamin D levels checked if they have risk factors such as being overweight, having a history of fractures, or having limited sun exposure.
